spirSpiraeanthusSpiraeanthus3079-6245Институт ботаники и фитоинтродукции10.71130/3079-6245-2026-8-3-88-98spir-142Research ArticleСтатьиПотенциал депонирования углерода при создании защитных лесных поясовCarbon Sink Potential of Green Belt AfforestationOktanE.OktanE.

Trabzon.

oktan@ktu.edu.trYümselF.YümselF.

Trabzon.

ÖzkanÖ.ÖzkanÖ.

Artvin.

Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Forestry, Department of Forest EngineeringTurkeyArtvin Çoruh University, Faculty of Forestry, Department of Forest EngineeringTurkey202622102026038898Copyright © Oktan E., Yümsel F., Özkan Ö., 20262026Oktan E., Yümsel F., Özkan Ö.Oktan E., Yümsel F., Özkan Ö.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.botsad.kz/jour/article/view/142

В борьбе с изменением климата лесные экосистемы и создание защитных лесных поясов (зеленых поясов), снижающие уровень атмосферного углекислого газа, играют роль важнейших стоков углерода. Целью данного исследования является комплексная оценка влияния лесоразведения в зеленых поясах на углеродные пулы в свете национальной и международной литературы. Научная и практическая значимость работы заключается в определении баланса между улавливанием углерода и управлением водными ресурсами. Методология исследования основана на аналитическом обзоре результатов крупнейших мировых проектов Трех Северного лесного пояса в Китае, Великой зеленой стены в Африке и экологических программ в Европе. Основные результаты показывают, что масштабные посадки позволяют аккумулировать значительные объемы углерода в биомассе и почве. Однако реализация таких проектов в аридных и полуаридных регионах может нарушить гидрологический баланс из-за повышенного водопотребления насаждений. Ценность проведенного исследования заключается в обосновании того, что успех зеленых поясов нельзя оценивать исключительно по количеству высаженных сеянцев. Практическое значение итогов работы заключается в рекомендации внедрения принципов экосистемного планирования в будущих проектах лесоразведения, где углеродная емкость, водный баланс и биоразнообразие должны оцениваться совместно, с подбором правильных видов деревьев для конкретных лесорастительных условий.

In the fight against climate change, forest ecosystems and green belt afforestation that draw down atmospheric carbon dioxide are vital carbon sinks. Beyond carbon storage, these practices deliver multifaceted ecosystem services such as erosion prevention, biodiversity conservation, and the improvement of air quality. This review examines the effects of green belt afforestation on carbon sinks in the light of the national and international literature. Applications worldwide China’s Three-North Shelterbelt, Africa’s Great Green Wall, and schemes in Europe demonstrate that substantial amounts of carbon are stored in biomass and soil. However, large-scale projects in arid and semi-arid regions, as in China, can adversely affect the hydrological balance by increasing water consumption. This makes it essential to strike a delicate balance between carbon capture and the management of water resources. Consequently, the success of green belt projects should not be measured solely by the number of seedlings planted. In future projects, carbon capacity, water balance, and biodiversity should be evaluated together, and ecosystem-based planning should be undertaken in the right place and with the right species.

лесоразведение в зеленых поясахстоки углеродасеквестрация углеродаизменение климатаустойчивое лесное хозяйствоэкосистемные услугиgreen belt afforestationcarbon sinkscarbon sequestrationclimate changesustainable forestryecosystem servicesReferencesAmati, M. Green Belts: A Twentieth-Century Planning Experiment. Ashgate Publishing, 2008.Amati, M. Green Belts: A Twentieth-Century Planning Experiment. Ashgate Publishing, 2008.Bastin, J. F., Finegold, Y., Garcia, C., Mollicone, D., Rezende, M., Routh, D., Zohner, C. M., and Crowther, T. W. “The Global Tree Restoration Potential.” Science, vol. 365, no. 6448, pp. 76–79, 2019.Bastin, J. F., Finegold, Y., Garcia, C., Mollicone, D., Rezende, M., Routh, D., Zohner, C. M., and Crowther, T. W. “The Global Tree Restoration Potential.” Science, vol. 365, no. 6448, pp. 76–79, 2019.Bryan, B. A., Gao, L., Ye, Y., Sun, X., Connor, J. D., Crossman, N. D., Stafford-Smith, M., Wu, J., He, C., Yu, D., Liu, Z., Li, A., Huang, Q., Ren, H., Deng, X., Zheng, H., Niu, J., Han, G., and Hou, X. “China’s Response to a National Land-System Sustainability Emergency.” Nature, vol. 559, no. 7713, pp. 193–204, 2018.Bryan, B. A., Gao, L., Ye, Y., Sun, X., Connor, J. D., Crossman, N. D., Stafford-Smith, M., Wu, J., He, C., Yu, D., Liu, Z., Li, A., Huang, Q., Ren, H., Deng, X., Zheng, H., Niu, J., Han, G., and Hou, X. “China’s Response to a National Land-System Sustainability Emergency.” Nature, vol. 559, no. 7713, pp. 193–204, 2018.Cao, S. “Why Large-Scale Afforestation Efforts in China Have Failed to Solve the Desertification Problem.” Environmental Science & Technology, vol. 42, no. 6, pp. 1826 1831, 2008.Cao, S. “Why Large-Scale Afforestation Efforts in China Have Failed to Solve the Desertification Problem.” Environmental Science & Technology, vol. 42, no. 6, pp. 1826 1831, 2008.Fang, J., Chen, A., Peng, C., Zhao, S., and Ci, L. “Changes in Forest Biomass Carbon Storage in China Between 1949 and 1998.” Science, vol. 292, no. 5525, pp. 2320–2322, 2001.Fang, J., Chen, A., Peng, C., Zhao, S., and Ci, L. “Changes in Forest Biomass Carbon Storage in China Between 1949 and 1998.” Science, vol. 292, no. 5525, pp. 2320–2322, 2001.Hwang, J., Choi, Y., Sung, H. C., Yoo, Y. J., Lim, N. O., Kim, Y., Shin, Y., Jeong, D., Sun, Z., and Jeon, S. W. “Evaluation of the Function of Suppressing Changes in Land Use and Carbon Storage in Green Belts.” Resources, Conservation and Recycling, vol. 187, Article 106600, 2022.Hwang, J., Choi, Y., Sung, H. C., Yoo, Y. J., Lim, N. O., Kim, Y., Shin, Y., Jeong, D., Sun, Z., and Jeon, S. W. “Evaluation of the Function of Suppressing Changes in Land Use and Carbon Storage in Green Belts.” Resources, Conservation and Recycling, vol. 187, Article 106600, 2022.Hooper, D. U., Chapin, F. S., Ewel, J. J., Hector, A., Inchausti, P., Lavorel, S., Lawton, J. H., Lodge, D. M., Loreau, M., Naeem, S., Schmid, B., Setälä, H., Symstad, A. J., Vandermeer, J., and Wardle, D. A. “Effects of Biodiversity on Ecosystem Functioning: A Consensus of Current Knowledge.” Ecological Monographs, vol. 75, no. 1, pp. 3 35, 2005.Hooper, D. U., Chapin, F. S., Ewel, J. J., Hector, A., Inchausti, P., Lavorel, S., Lawton, J. H., Lodge, D. M., Loreau, M., Naeem, S., Schmid, B., Setälä, H., Symstad, A. J., Vandermeer, J., and Wardle, D. A. “Effects of Biodiversity on Ecosystem Functioning: A Consensus of Current Knowledge.” Ecological Monographs, vol. 75, no. 1, pp. 3 35, 2005.Canadell, J. G., and Raupach, M. R. “Managing Forests for Climate Change Mitigation.” Science, vol. 320, no. 5882, pp. 1456 1457, 2008.Canadell, J. G., and Raupach, M. R. “Managing Forests for Climate Change Mitigation.” Science, vol. 320, no. 5882, pp. 1456 1457, 2008.Konijnendijk, C. C., Nilsson, K., Randrup, T. B., and Schipperijn, J. Urban Forests and Trees. Springer, 2006.Konijnendijk, C. C., Nilsson, K., Randrup, T. B., and Schipperijn, J. Urban Forests and Trees. Springer, 2006.Feng, X., Fu, B., Lu, N., Zeng, Y., and Wu, B. “How Ecological Restoration Alters Ecosystem Services: An Analysis of Carbon Sequestration in China’s Loess Plateau.” Scientific Reports, vol. 3, Article 2846, 2013.Feng, X., Fu, B., Lu, N., Zeng, Y., and Wu, B. “How Ecological Restoration Alters Ecosystem Services: An Analysis of Carbon Sequestration in China’s Loess Plateau.” Scientific Reports, vol. 3, Article 2846, 2013.Jackson, R. B., Jobbágy, E. G., Avissar, R., Roy, S. B., Barrett, D. J., Cook, C. W., Farley, K. A., le Maitre, D. C., McCarl, B. A., and Murray, B. C. “Trading Water for Carbon with Biological Carbon Sequestration.” Science, vol. 310, no. 5756, pp. 1944 1947, 2005.Jackson, R. B., Jobbágy, E. G., Avissar, R., Roy, S. B., Barrett, D. J., Cook, C. W., Farley, K. A., le Maitre, D. C., McCarl, B. A., and Murray, B. C. “Trading Water for Carbon with Biological Carbon Sequestration.” Science, vol. 310, no. 5756, pp. 1944 1947, 2005.Dixon, R. K., Solomon, A. M., Brown, S., Houghton, R. A., Trexler, M. C., and Wisniewski, J. “Carbon Pools and Flux of Global Forest Ecosystems.” Science, vol. 263, no. 5144, pp. 185 190, 1994.Dixon, R. K., Solomon, A. M., Brown, S., Houghton, R. A., Trexler, M. C., and Wisniewski, J. “Carbon Pools and Flux of Global Forest Ecosystems.” Science, vol. 263, no. 5144, pp. 185 190, 1994.FAO. Global Forest Resources Assessment 2020. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, 2020.FAO. Global Forest Resources Assessment 2020. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, 2020.IPCC. Climate Change 2023: Synthesis Report. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Geneva, 2023.IPCC. Climate Change 2023: Synthesis Report. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Geneva, 2023.Lal, R. “Soil Carbon Sequestration Impacts on Global Climate Change and Food Security.” Science, vol. 304, no. 5677, pp. 1623 1627, 2004.Lal, R. “Soil Carbon Sequestration Impacts on Global Climate Change and Food Security.” Science, vol. 304, no. 5677, pp. 1623 1627, 2004.Lal, R. “Carbon Sequestration.” Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, vol. 363, no. 1492, pp. 815 830, 2008.Lal, R. “Carbon Sequestration.” Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, vol. 363, no. 1492, pp. 815 830, 2008.Nowak, D. J., and Crane, D. E. “Carbon Storage and Sequestration by Urban Trees in the USA.” Environmental Pollution, vol. 116, no. 3, pp. 381 389, 2002.Nowak, D. J., and Crane, D. E. “Carbon Storage and Sequestration by Urban Trees in the USA.” Environmental Pollution, vol. 116, no. 3, pp. 381 389, 2002.Jobbágy, E. G., and Jackson, R. B. “The Vertical Distribution of Soil Organic Carbon and Its Relation to Climate and Vegetation.” Ecological Applications, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 423–436, 2000.Jobbágy, E. G., and Jackson, R. B. “The Vertical Distribution of Soil Organic Carbon and Its Relation to Climate and Vegetation.” Ecological Applications, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 423–436, 2000.Paul, K. I., Polglase, P. J., Nyakuengama, J. G., and Khanna, P. K. “Change in Soil Carbon Following Afforestation.” Forest Ecology and Management, vol. 168, no. 1–3, pp. 241–257, 2002.Paul, K. I., Polglase, P. J., Nyakuengama, J. G., and Khanna, P. K. “Change in Soil Carbon Following Afforestation.” Forest Ecology and Management, vol. 168, no. 1–3, pp. 241–257, 2002.Pregitzer, K. S., and Euskirchen, E. S. “Carbon Cycling and Storage in World Forests: Biome Patterns Related to Forest Age.” Global Change Biology, vol. 10, no. 12, pp. 2052–2077, 2004.Pregitzer, K. S., and Euskirchen, E. S. “Carbon Cycling and Storage in World Forests: Biome Patterns Related to Forest Age.” Global Change Biology, vol. 10, no. 12, pp. 2052–2077, 2004.Forrester, D. I., and Bauhus, J. “A Review of Processes Behind Diversity–Productivity Relationships in Forests.” Current Forestry Reports, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 45–61, 2016.Forrester, D. I., and Bauhus, J. “A Review of Processes Behind Diversity–Productivity Relationships in Forests.” Current Forestry Reports, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 45–61, 2016.UNCCD. Great Green Wall Initiative Progress Report. United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification, 2023.UNCCD. Great Green Wall Initiative Progress Report. United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification, 2023.Kim, J., Kang, Y., Kim, D., Son, S., and Kim, E. J. “Carbon Storage and Sequestration Analysis by Urban Park Grid Using i-Tree Eco and Drone-Based Modeling.” Forests, vol. 15, no. 4, Article 683, 2024.Kim, J., Kang, Y., Kim, D., Son, S., and Kim, E. J. “Carbon Storage and Sequestration Analysis by Urban Park Grid Using i-Tree Eco and Drone-Based Modeling.” Forests, vol. 15, no. 4, Article 683, 2024.Yoon, T. K., Seo, K. W., Park, G. S., Son, Y. M., and Son, Y. “Surface Soil Carbon Storage in Urban Green Spaces in Three Major South Korean Cities.” Forests, vol. 7, no. 6, Article 115, 2016.Yoon, T. K., Seo, K. W., Park, G. S., Son, Y. M., and Son, Y. “Surface Soil Carbon Storage in Urban Green Spaces in Three Major South Korean Cities.” Forests, vol. 7, no. 6, Article 115, 2016.Griscom, B. W., Adams, J., Ellis, P. W., Houghton, R. A., Lomax, G., Miteva, D. A., Schlesinger, W. H., Shoch, D., Siikamäki, J. V., Smith, P., Woodbury, P., Zganjar, C., et al. “Natural Climate Solutions.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 114, no. 44, pp. 11645 11650, 2017.Griscom, B. W., Adams, J., Ellis, P. W., Houghton, R. A., Lomax, G., Miteva, D. A., Schlesinger, W. H., Shoch, D., Siikamäki, J. V., Smith, P., Woodbury, P., Zganjar, C., et al. “Natural Climate Solutions.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 114, no. 44, pp. 11645 11650, 2017.Feng, X., Fu, B., Piao, S., Wang, S., Ciais, P., Zeng, Z., Lü, Y., Zeng, Y., Li, Y., Jiang, X., and Wu, B. “Revegetation in China’s Loess Plateau Is Approaching Sustainable Water Resource Limits.” Nature Climate Change, vol. 6, no. 11, pp. 1019 1022, 2016.Feng, X., Fu, B., Piao, S., Wang, S., Ciais, P., Zeng, Z., Lü, Y., Zeng, Y., Li, Y., Jiang, X., and Wu, B. “Revegetation in China’s Loess Plateau Is Approaching Sustainable Water Resource Limits.” Nature Climate Change, vol. 6, no. 11, pp. 1019 1022, 2016.Feng, Y., Schmid, B., Loreau, M., Forrester, D. I., Fei, S., Zhu, J., Tang, Z., Zhu, J., Hong, P., Ji, C., Shi, Y., Su, H., Xiong, X., Xiao, J., Wang, S., and Fang, J. “Multispecies Forest Plantations Outyield Monocultures Across a Broad Range of Conditions.” Science, vol. 376, no. 6595, pp. 865 868, 2022.Feng, Y., Schmid, B., Loreau, M., Forrester, D. I., Fei, S., Zhu, J., Tang, Z., Zhu, J., Hong, P., Ji, C., Shi, Y., Su, H., Xiong, X., Xiao, J., Wang, S., and Fang, J. “Multispecies Forest Plantations Outyield Monocultures Across a Broad Range of Conditions.” Science, vol. 376, no. 6595, pp. 865 868, 2022.Mumcu Kucuker, D. “Spatiotemporal Changes of Carbon Storage in Forest Carbon Pools of Western Turkey: 1972–2016.” Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, vol. 192, no. 8, Article 555, 2020.Mumcu Kucuker, D. “Spatiotemporal Changes of Carbon Storage in Forest Carbon Pools of Western Turkey: 1972–2016.” Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, vol. 192, no. 8, Article 555, 2020.Lewis, S. L., Mitchard, E. T. A., Prentice, C., Maslin, M., and Poulter, B. “Comment on ‘The Global Tree Restoration Potential’.” Science, vol. 366, no. 6463, Article eaaz0388, 2019.Lewis, S. L., Mitchard, E. T. A., Prentice, C., Maslin, M., and Poulter, B. “Comment on ‘The Global Tree Restoration Potential’.” Science, vol. 366, no. 6463, Article eaaz0388, 2019.

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.