РАСПРОСТРАНЕНИЕ, ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ И ЗНАЧЕНИЕ ВИДОВ РОДА CODONOPSIS WELL. В УЗБЕКИСТАНЕ

Abstract

The article presents data on the distribution and significance of species of the genus Codonopsis flora of Uzbekistan. Based on information from the National Herbarium of Uzbekistan (TASH) of the Institute of Botany of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the distribution of species of this genus in different mountainous regions of the republic, including Western Tien Shan, Northern Turkestan, Zеrafshan, Western Gissar, Baysun and Kugitang, was analyzed. There are two species in the flora of Uzbekistan: C. clematidea, which is distributed mainly in juniper forests and moist meadows in the middle and upper mountain belts at altitudes of 1600– 3500 m above sea level, and C. bactriana, found on the banks of rivers and small reservoirs, on rocky slopes, at altitudes of 1400–2000 m above sea level. The upper part of these plants contains biologically active substances, including 0.04-0.08% of codonopsin and codonopsinin alkaloids, veratrinic and acetic acids, a large number of flavonoids, vitamins D and C, provitamin A, 0.02-0.05% of volatile essential oils and various mineral salts. This chemical composition determines the pharmacological properties of the plant, making it a valuable medicine. Given the need for raw materials of the Codonopsis genus in Uzbekistan, it is necessary to conduct targeted research aimed at studying the natural populations of these species.