Genetic diversity is a key indicator of a species’ evolutionary development, adaptability, and long-term survival, making its conservation and study an important scientific task. Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.), traditionally used for centuries and valued for its high content of bioactive compounds, is gaining increasing economic significance. This study assessed the genetic diversity of H. rhamnoides in technogenic zones of Northern Kazakhstan using ISSR markers. Seeds were collected from two populations in the Prigorodnoye forestry of the Kostanay region. ISSR analysis revealed a high level of polymorphism within populations (87 %) and a lower level between them (13 %). UPGMA clustering showed genetic differences both between and within populations, indicating heterogeneous origins and possible cross-pollination.
The influence of the exposure of the mountain slopes of the Gusar region on the productivity and distribution of forest-forming tree species of oriental beech, Georgian oak and Caucasian hornbeam was revealed. These studies will help develop recommendations for growing highly productive and sustainable forest plantations in the mountains.
Plant communities of rare species on the southern macroslope of the Zhetysu Alatau, including Malus sieversii, Louiseania ulmifolia, Armeniaca vulgaris, Berberis iliensis, were studied. It is recommended to carry out measures to monitor the state of rare plant communities and to organize a botanical reserve in the gorges of the Koksu and Osek rivers. Factors that destabilize vegetation components are economic and recreational activities.
The article examines the ecosystem role of fern Adderspit (Pteridium aquilinum) in the restoration of natural areas using the example of the Arykbalyk branch office of the Kokshetau State National Nature Park. Its morphological and ecological features, expansion in various forest country houses, as well as its adaptation mechanisms to various soil and climatic conditions are highlighted. Special attention is paid to the influence of the fern on the prevention of soil erosion, stabilization of ecosystems and its ability to regenerate affected areas. The limiting growth factors, possible risks of invasiveness and the economic potential of the plant are considered. The conclusion is that Pteridium aquilinum is important to the region's biodiversity and plays a key role in maintaining ecosystem balance.
The article discusses the discovery of Cerinthe minor L. (family Boraginaceae Juss.) in the Dzungarian Alatau Ridge, marking a significant addition to the region's flora. Cerinthe minor was located near cordon 19 of the Baldyrgan tract, situated 17 km east of the town of Tekeli, within the Yeskelda district of the current Zhetysu region. The species grew in open glades as part of mixed forb-grass vegetation forming local thickets ("patches"), along field roadsides, among shrub-herbaceous vegetation, in Caragana arborescens Lam. plantations at an altitude of 1649 m. a. s. l.. This site represents the southernmost occurrence of the species in Kazakhstan.
В статье впервые приводятся многолетние фенологические данные интродукционных испытаний в открытом грунте Азимины трехлопастной (Asimina triloba (L.) Dunal) в условиях Юго-Востока Казахстана. Составлена фенограмма, отражающая последовательность и продолжительность вегетативных и генеративных фаз развития. Установлены крайние и средние даты наступления фенофаз. Установлено, что активная вегетация Азимины проходит с первой декады апреля по третью декаду октября и диапазон с переходом через +10 оС является оптимальным для вегетации Asimina triloba в условиях Главного ботанического сада.
