The article presents data on the distribution and significance of species of the genus Codonopsis flora of Uzbekistan. Based on information from the National Herbarium of Uzbekistan (TASH) of the Institute of Botany of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the distribution of species of this genus in different mountainous regions of the republic, including Western Tien Shan, Northern Turkestan, Zеrafshan, Western Gissar, Baysun and Kugitang, was analyzed. There are two species in the flora of Uzbekistan: C. clematidea, which is distributed mainly in juniper forests and moist meadows in the middle and upper mountain belts at altitudes of 1600– 3500 m above sea level, and C. bactriana, found on the banks of rivers and small reservoirs, on rocky slopes, at altitudes of 1400–2000 m above sea level. The upper part of these plants contains biologically active substances, including 0.04-0.08% of codonopsin and codonopsinin alkaloids, veratrinic and acetic acids, a large number of flavonoids, vitamins D and C, provitamin A, 0.02-0.05% of volatile essential oils and various mineral salts. This chemical composition determines the pharmacological properties of the plant, making it a valuable medicine. Given the need for raw materials of the Codonopsis genus in Uzbekistan, it is necessary to conduct targeted research aimed at studying the natural populations of these species.
As a result of field studies conducted in Kokzhar forestry district of Alakol branch in Zhongar Alatau national park, four syntaxa with dominance and subdominance of rare and endemic species have been identified: mid-mountain meadows with Rhaponticum carthamoides; subalpine meadows with Rhodiola rosea and Senecio pyroglossus; alpine meadows with Saussurea involucrata. The identified syntaxa of rare communities are an addition to the regional «Green Book of Almaty region».
The article presents species of the genus Silene L., distributed in the Tarkapchigai botanicalgeographical region based on the analysis of herbarium specimens collected during field research and stored in the collection of the National Herbarium (TASH) of the Institute of Botany of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
The article reflects the results of the inventory of the natural flora of the Katon-Karagai SNNP. New data on the composition of the flora of 75 endemic and subendemic species belonging to 53 genera represented by 21 families of higher vascular plants are presented. For each taxon of the species, information is provided on the distribution in the territory of the national park in 11 working floristic areas. Samples of the presented taxa are stored in the herbarium fund of the KKSNNP, doublet materials are deposited in the Herbarium of the Altai state university (ALTB, Russia, Barnaul).
The article presents the results of long-term work on the study of the gene pool of M. sieversii apple tree under in-situ and ex-situ conditions. The Institute of Botany and Phytointroduction has collected a collection of 170 variety-clones of M. sieversii, which makes it the richest gene pool for reforestation, breeding, and agroindustrial complex. The possibilities and advantages of using the ex-situ collection to conserve and restore the forest-forming species M. sieversii are discussed. In addition, the importance of applied and fundamental research for the development of the plot-processing industry is emphasized. It is important to pay attention to the conservation and restoration of M. sieversii apple tree by assessing the current state and conducting reforestation works using varietyclones of Kazakhstani selection, corresponding to the genetic properties of natural populations.
Work has been carried out on the inventory and compilation of the dendrological plan of the city of Petropavlovsk using the geoportal developed by AlauSolutions LLP (https://map.e-sko.kz /). A soil survey of the city's territory was conducted. 9 types of Petropavlovsk street landscaping have been developed, as well as subtypes depending on the width of the lawns. Amendments to the "Standard Rules for the creation, maintenance and protection of green spaces in populated areas" in relation to self-seeding of low-value species and emergency trees are proposed and justified.
The article describes the forest pathological condition and presents data on the dominant pest species of green plantings in the cities of Almaty, Shymkent, Taraz, and Kyzylorda, including their infestation levels and harmfulness.
